It conducts dismounted reconnaissance to get detailed information on enemy dispositions. (3) Choose and Recommend a COA and Maneuver the Force. Before each mission, the leader designates the duration between digital and analog position updates. Some are secure yet slow while others are faster but less secure. Terrain considerations may also affect the choice of movement technique. Whenever possible, dismounted members should reconnoiter the entire wood line before mounted movement to the wooded area. Once he identifies these areas, the platoon leader considers where the enemy will focus its reconnaissance assets and determines their fields of observation. c. Urban Areas. This security technique involves the use of short-duration OPs consisting of mounted or dismounted soldiers with necessary observation equipment. The various techniques and formations have unique advantages and disadvantages. This type of operation may require the battalion to activate its escape and evasion plan or to deploy a reaction or support force to help extract the friendly elements. See answer (1) Copy. The lead vehicle occupies the 12 o'clock position, and the other vehicles occupy the 3, 9, and 6 o'clock positions in accordance with the order of march. (c) When physical contact occurs, the reconnaissance platoon employs indirect and direct fires to suppress the enemy while maneuvering to get information. (2) Terrain Factors. As the dismounted element maneuvers, it is supported by direct fire from the reconnaissance vehicles, by indirect fire called for by the OP, or by both. Develop a COA 4. They base decisions about routes and movement techniques on the mission, terrain and weather, likelihood of enemy contact, speed of movement, and depth to which the platoon's elements must penetrate. Copy. If time and terrain permit, he may send dismounted platoon members to move to the far side of the open area and secure it. They should use radio listening silence except to report contact with enemy forces or to send critical information that the commander has directed them to report immediately. Platoon staggered column formation. The reconnaissance platoon uses terrain features to its advantage during the exfiltration. Chapter 4 of this manual discusses dismounted movement techniques in detail. These reconnaissance elements move to dismount points, set their vehicles in hide positions, and send dismounted patrols to multiple vantage points using dismounted reconnaissance techniques, with the emphasis on avoiding detection. The six mounted reconnaissance platoon formations are line, wedge, column, staggered column, coil, and herringbone. If the platoon leader determines he needs more information, he may commit additional assets (reconnaissance sections or teams) to develop the situation further. When engagement is complete and the enemy is destroyed, the COA is obvious: the section or team continues its mission. If the element in contact is unable to report or cannot report quickly, another team in the reconnaissance platoon section must report. It allows the platoon to cover the most ground systematically with maximum reconnaissance forward (Figure 3-3). Upon completing its movement (bound), the lead element then occupies a similar position and provides overwatch as the trail element bounds forward to its next overwatch position. It may use mounted reconnaissance to move additional assets into the area to support the reconnaissance element in contact. Section using traveling overwatch technique and wedge formation. Read the following passage and then choose the best revision for the underlined portions of the paragraph. The lead element moves continuously along covered and concealed routes that afford the best available protection from possible enemy observation and direct fire. In successive bounding, the trail element moves to an overwatch position that is approximately abreast of the lead element. To properly execute actions on contact, the platoon must take action consistent with the fundamentals of reconnaissance (refer to Chapter 4 of this manual for a detailed discussion): c. The Seven Forms of Contact. By the late 1800s, what right had women in the united states still not won? At a minimum, the platoon must rehearse and be ready to execute these potential COAs: e. The Four Steps of Actions on Contact. FM 3-21.9 provides additional information on infantry platoon dismounted formations. (b) The leader must allow adequate time for each group to reach the rally point. Phase III Phase begins with: Enemy Activity: Location of Adjacent Units: Key Tasks: Leaders Recon Purpose: GOTWA: Engagement Criteria: Emplacement and Occupation of: Security - SBF - Assault - Expected Forms of Contact (DINOCAVE): Actions on Contact: (based on ENY Analysis / DINOCAVE) Recon-ORP-Targets by Phase: Casualty Collection Points . Choose an example of each element, and explain how it helps make the speech effective. Groups on different routes may move using different methods of insertion or extraction (for example, one group moves by RVs, another group moves by helicopter, and another moves dismounted). The command and control system software on the RV can create most standard graphic control measures used at platoon level. The platoon leader attempts to hand off responsibility for the enemy element. These platoon members should report the enemy contact to the overwatching vehicles and to the platoon leader. 2013-01-27 16:14:33. Bounding overwatch can be executed using one of the following bounding methods. In bounding overwatch, one element is always stopped to provide overwatch. Study now. Traveling is the fastest but least secure movement technique. Sneakers typically force runners to land on their heels, sending shocks throughout the body. Evaluate and develop the situation 3. chemical peel near me black owned; which of the following is a recent trend in grandparenting; how to turn off air suspension on mercedes gl450 However, the screen may display only a small portion of the platoon's area of operations. b. Once far-side security is established, a dismounted element moves to the destroyed vehicle and conducts a thorough search for prisoners, items of intelligence value, and any other information that can be gained from a close examination of the enemy. (3) During movement through a wooded area, the platoon should move using traveling overwatch. The reconnaissance platoon normally uses no more than two lanes due to its size and limited resources. In another instance, the platoon may deploy in a stay-behind mode during defensive operations, requiring it to plan and execute movement to return to friendly controlled areas. Indirect. Figure 3-3. Do not replace operational graphics with an over-reliance on waypoint land navigation techniques. What is a military retrograde operation? The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). The section leader must continue to use route planning, mechanical navigational aids, visual observation of terrain features, and manual techniques to ensure that the sections are in proper position. What does Dinocave stand for? An element (normally a section or team) maintains contact while the rest of the reconnaissance platoon continues the reconnaissance mission. The reconnaissance platoon may select this COA when it does not have the resources to leave an element in contact and continue to accomplish its priority reconnaissance tasks. (last updated February 8, 2012). The routes should facilitate mission accomplishment within the limitations of boundaries and allow freedom of maneuver. Characteristics of the Offense (SCAT) Surprise Concentration Audacity Tempo. Mounted Formations. Dismounted troops must check isolated buildings. (a) Deploy and Report. Soldiers infiltrate by multiple lanes when two or more infiltration lanes are found through the enemy defense (Figure 3-20). Rarely are there enough lanes for each group to have a separate one. Based on the available information and his commander's intent and guidance, the platoon leader decides to leave one section in contact to support a hasty attack by a supporting MGS platoon. Deploy and report 2. Forms of Contact (DINOCAVE) 5.0 (1 review) Term. Position updates include, as a minimum, the locations of the platoon leader, his section leaders, and vehicles. Exfiltration pickup points for dismounted personnel should be far enough away from the OP to ensure the enemy does not hear vehicle or helicopter noises. All leaders within the platoon must ensure that their subordinates continuously wear their night-vision devices when moving dismounted. (b) Evaluate and Develop the Situation. When a reconnaissance platoon member makes contact with the enemy, he reacts according to the circumstances of the contact. This allows the platoon leader to evaluate and develop the situation while out of contact. The rear vehicles provide overwatch and command and control (Figure 3-4). Many times the platoon must plan, rehearse, and execute a combination of mounted and dismounted movement. He then employs specific reconnaissance methods and movement techniques to either avoid the danger areas or move through them as quickly as possible and with as much security as possible. Situations involving electronic warfare tactics. As soon as the lead vehicle is in a covered and concealed position, the overwatch vehicle moves to an alternate firing position and occupies a hide position while trying to maintain contact with the smallest possible element. Leaders at echelons from platoon through company conduct actions on contact when they, or a subordinate element, recognize one of the forms of contact or receive a report of enemy contact. Primary Menu. In most situations, smaller elements are better able to take advantage of available cover and concealment. In general, infiltrating elements should use digital communications as the primary means of communications. It normally maintains contact with the lead element and may stop periodically for better observation. (1) Extraction by Air or Vehicle. This allows for continuation of the mission and reduces the chance of any loss of combat power. The vehicle commander can retrieve the operational overlay on one layer, the enemy situation template on another layer, the fire support overlay on another, and so forth. Recommend a COA to higher. Under normal conditions in flat, open terrain on a clear night, rotary-wing aircraft lose most of their audio signature at a distance of about 5 kilometers. The infiltrating elements employ cover, concealment, and stealth to move through gaps templated by the battalion S2 in the enemy array. (c) Maintain Contact and Bypass. Maneuver happens once a unit has made contact with the enemy. He considers various possible COAs, based on well-developed TTP (including battle drills), to meet the types of contact. 1. It is used when speed is important and enemy contact is not likely. After reporting the initial contact to higher headquarters and receiving the order to break contact, the patrol disengages. What are the three forms of the defense? When using this technique, the platoon could be in a column formation or dispersed in its other formations (Figure 3-9). Wooded areas provide a high degree of concealment to forces that occupy them, particularly infantry forces. The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). Visual contact (the platoon is undetected by the enemy force). He orders additional sections or teams to maneuver into the area. (2) The leader identifies adjacent units and creates additional graphic control measures as needed on his operations overlay. These techniques are applicable either mounted or dismounted. The platoon leader issues appropriate orders directing his subordinates to prepare to support the hasty attack. Open areas frequently afford the reconnaissance platoon the opportunity to observe the enemy or objectives from long ranges. They must also state what actions the reconnaissance platoon must take if it must exfiltrate unexpectedly. The platoon leader identifies and highlights danger areas when he performs his map reconnaissance during TLP. Dismounted traveling overwatch. (3) Combination of Methods. If the reconnaissance platoon is tasked to gather information over a wide area, it may employ several small teams to cover the complete sector. The overriding factor in determining whether to use single or multiple lanes is the ability to remain undetected. If they determine the area is clear, the platoon brings vehicles forward to observation positions. The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). Direct fire engagements are normally limited to whatever actions are required to break contact. The factors the reconnaissance platoon leader needs to consider addressing, such as moving more rapidly and employing greater stealth and security in the various terrains, will always be METT-TC dependent. (e) Conduct a Hasty Attack. Deploy and report 2. An effective exfiltration plan is essential for mission accomplishment and morale. (1) Platoon members should use available terrain to scan the wooded area before entering. Physical Audio Direct Indirect Electronic CBRN Visual Civilian. (g) Conduct Target Handoff. This paragraph discusses the technological advantages of the mobility systems and C3 subsystems of the reconnaissance platoon as operational aids for planning, navigating, controlling, and executing combat operations. After considering these factors, the leaders decide to infiltrate either mounted or dismounted. Figure 3-15. The amount of intelligence information available to the reconnaissance platoon leader during the planning process determines the risk involved in conducting the infiltration. The element in contact next concentrates on defining what enemy it faces. Types of Traveling . The platoon may also break contact and bypass when it has made contact with an enemy force that cannot adversely affect the mission of the platoon's higher headquarters. Ask a Lawyer. The software should not limit the platoon leader's planning and use of control measures and operational graphics. The platoon must be prepared to execute actions on contact under any of the following conditions: Whether the platoon remains undetected or is identified by enemy forces, it must first take actions to protect itself, find out what it is up against, and decide on a COA. Remain focused on the reconnaissance objective. Whether the platoon plans to exfiltrate on foot, by RV, or by air, it must conduct detailed planning to establish criteria for a passage of lines to minimize the chances of fratricide. The plan would mandate that the resupply location be specially marked for security and identity purposes. The reconnaissance platoon and its elements may need to exfiltrate during any tactical operation or situation. Without the use of indirect fires in this situation, the platoon will fail. The platoon maintains contact or fixes the enemy in place until additional combat power arrives or the platoon is ordered to move (Figure 3-18. Physical Audio Direct Indirect Electronic CBRN Visual Civilian. (b) The element in contact sends a contact report to the platoon leader (refer to the discussion of report procedures and formats earlier in this chapter) and follows as soon as possible with a spot report using the format of size, activity, location, unit identification, time, and equipment (SALUTE ). The platoon may infiltrate by sections, by teams, or as a complete platoon. Figure 3-13. Compared to mounted operations, dismounted movement techniques and formations require as muchor moredetail during the planning phase. While making minimal use of the springlike arch and large tendons of the foot. All vehicles should move completely off the road if terrain allows. a. In such a case, the reconnaissance platoon leader can evaluate the situation, choose a COA consistent with his higher commander's intent or concept, and execute it without further guidance. The platoon establishes a hasty defense if it cannot bypass the enemy, all the sections or teams are fixed or suppressed, and the platoon no longer has the ability to maneuver. 5 steps of Actions on contact DECER 1. What is NGB 56? The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). Whenever possible, the reconnaissance platoon should reconnoiter urban areas from a distance, execute hand-off to follow-on elements, and bypass if possible. (c) Choose and Recommend a COA and Maneuver the Force. During infiltration, the platoon uses predesignated routes to reach its objective without being detected and engaged by the enemy. Digital or visual contact, in which the enemy is observed but the platoon remains undetected, is the goal. Drivers turn off vehicle engines, and dismounted elements move to the edge of the wooded area to observe. The platoon uses these methods when it must cover long distances, time of return is essential, the exfiltration route lacks adequate cover and concealment, the enemy does not have air superiority, or heavily populated hostile areas obstruct ground exfiltration. What is platoon attack? To avoid the enemy's strength, elements use stealth and move through gaps or around enemy positions to conduct operations to the enemy's rear and out of contact with the enemy. Delays may result when groups must avoid enemy contact. (2) Once it has reconnoitered the area using visual, digital, and sensor enablers, the platoon moves across the area. (3) When enemy contact is likely and the platoon must move across large open areas with limited cover and concealment, the platoon leader should consider using reconnaissance by indirect fire to provide additional security during movement. Position navigation (POSNAV) assists in land navigation but does not replace the need for basic navigational skills. In most cases, planning for an exfiltration operation begins at the same time as planning for the infiltration (or other tactical operation) that precedes it. They are organized using the four-step process. In this method, the trail element advances past the lead element to the next overwatch position. He keeps the commander informed of what he is doing as he executes the COA. (2) Evaluate and Develop the Situation. This is usually more rapid than successive bounds. While attempting to develop the situation, the section or team may find that it cannot determine the exact enemy situation for a number of possible reasons to include obstacles, combat losses, suppressive fires by the enemy, or the size and extent of the enemy position. Tactics. Leaders may detach small security elements from the main body to provide early warning by acting as an advance guard or as guides along a route. Contact with obstacles of enemy or unknown origin. As these patrols discover the enemy and add additional information to the platoon leader's picture, the platoon leader may determine he has sufficient information to choose and execute a COA or to make a recommendation to his commander. (1) The ideal way for the platoon to make contact is by means of FBCB2 reports from sensor elements (such as tactical unmanned aerial vehicles [TUAVs], ground surveillance radar [GSR], or other intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance [ISR] assets). These techniques provide a standard method of movement, but the platoon leader must use common sense in employing them as he performs his missions and encounters different situations. Wiki User. Troops can be garrisoned in villages, snipers can dominate approaches, and buildings and roads can be mined and booby-trapped. Dismounted ground exfiltration is preferred when areas along the route are largely uninhabited, when enemy forces are widely dispersed or under such pressure that they cannot conduct counterreconnaissance and security operations, or when terrain is sufficiently restricted to degrade enemy efforts to use mobile forces against the exfiltrating reconnaissance unit. amounts of protection to survive first contact and are able to send reports under directfire contact. He continues to inform his commander of the enemy situation and the platoon's actions. Open Areas. Create flashcards for FREE and quiz yourself with an interactive flipper. All groups rehearse this procedure since no one knows which group will arrive first. The platoon uses the column formation when speed is essential as it moves on a designated route (Figure 3-5). In densely wooded areas, mounted elements are extremely vulnerable to dismounted enemy forces that can close on them undetected. What type of reconnaissance is patrol? To regain the use of all his assets, the platoon leader continues coordination to hand off contact to a follow-on element (Figure 3-15). The move-set technique of movement is simply an organized way of controlling the reconnaissance section when it moves in bounding overwatch. In addition, it must avoid becoming vehicle-bound; it must be prepared to dismount to improve observation, prevent enemy detection, and provide security. (See Figure 3-13, for an illustration of dismounted bounding overwatch.) To establish communications relay capability for a specific period in support of other reconnaissance operations. Normally, the platoon leader briefs the section leaders on the route and speed and then allows the lead section to control the column movement. This technique is appropriate because of the extremely short fields of view and the danger of dismounted ambush. Applications with education from outside the U.S. and applications that do not contain sufficient detail usually require a lengthier review process. What are the 8 forms of army contact? The exfiltration plan should also cover other types of contingencies that will not require the platoon to exfiltrate. During the execution of reconnaissance and security missions, the reconnaissance platoon will encounter specific types of terrain or features that expose it to enemy fire. These plans should address various contingencies for movement, such as the possibility that the platoon may be able to exfiltrate intact or in smaller groups to avoid detection. c. Maps. From this position, he establishes local security (a hasty OP) and monitors and controls the efforts of his sections or teams. Maintain contact to support a hasty attack. a. These missions are covered in this section and in Sections 2 and 3 of this chapter. Two-section platoon wedge formation. It does not, however, relieve him of the responsibility of tracking the move on his map. It attempts to confirm (or to determine in detail) enemy size, composition, activity, orientation, and weapon system locations. In conducting both mounted and dismounted movement on the battlefield, the reconnaissance platoon uses three movement techniques: traveling, traveling overwatch, and bounding overwatch. When that point is reached, the overwatch element must move out, even if the bounding element has not yet reached a position of cover and concealment. Reconnaissance vehicles are most vulnerable in wooded areas when they are stopped, so halts should be kept to a minimum. Posted on June 16, 2022 June 16, 2022 The battalion must carefully coordinate and rehearse employment of the reaction force and supporting fires before initiating the infiltration (or other tactical mission, if applicable).

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