From an anatomic viewpoint, because of sharp angulations, the junction of the right brachiocephalic vein and the internal jugular vein is at risk of perforation when central catheters are placed through the right subclavian vein, and the inferior wall of the left brachiocephalic vein is at risk of perforation when central catheters are placed through the left internal jugular vein [13].

Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/.

Yilmaz M, Sargon MF, Dogan OF, Pasaoglu I. Surg Radiol Anat.

Mediastinal tumors with invasion of and intravascular extension into the brachiocephalic vein can be directly visualized with CT and MRI (Fig.

Anomalous brachiocephalic vein is uncommon, accounting for approximately 0.2–1% of congenital cardiovascular anomalies [1, 2].

Hasegawa Y, Tokuchi Y, Kamachi M, Harada M, Isobe H. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi.

1984;21(4):289-305.

2018 Mar;40(3):357-360. doi: 10.1007/s00276-018-1967-7. Blunt chest trauma can injure intrathoracic vessels, usually affecting the aorta and arch vessels, with resultant mediastinal hematoma, which is best evaluated with CT [4].

Abnormal regression of the precardinal anastomosis or development of the precardinal anastomosis in any pathway where there is the available space have been proposed [1, 2].

Br Heart J. Fortunately, most fractured catheters can safely be retrieved percutaneously [15].

In addition, early filling of hepatic veins with contrast material on the images from the trauma CT examination should raise concern for an associated arteriovenous fistula, which can be evaluated further with arteriography. Anomalous retroesophageal left brachiocephalic vein is a very rare anomaly of the brachiocephalic vein. The external iliac vein (black arrow), however, is irregular and is surrounded by extravasated contrast material (arrowhead) and hematoma.

This anomalously positioned vessel is asymptomatic but must be distinguished from the pulmonary artery and persistent left SVC, especially when open heart surgery for cardiac malformations is being considered.

The purpose of this article is to make the radiologist aware of various venous injuries caused by blunt trauma and to provide helpful hints to aid in the identification of venous injuries. CONCLUSION. In the emergency department or ICU, most venous approaches are performed in a blind manner and then followed up with a chest radiograph.

[A case of unification anomalies of the superior vena cava and absence of the left brachiocephalic vein with dilated azygos and hemiazygos veins].

Get the latest research from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus. Analysis of Enhancement Pattern of Flat Gallbladder Wall Thickening on MDCT to Differentiate Gallbladder Cancer from Cholecystitis, Structured Review.

Address correspondence to S. F. Ko ([email protected]).

Parameters for a Typical Whole-Body Multidetector CT Study with Two Dedicated Trauma CT Scanners. 2 May 2017 | Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology, Vol. 61, No.

Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Even though current protocols for multidetector computed tomography (CT) of patients with trauma are designed to evaluate primarily the solid organs and arteries, blunt venous injuries may nevertheless be identified, or at least suspected, on the basis of the multidetector CT findings.

When they do occur, blunt injuries to the superior vena cava are commonly seen near its insertion into the right atrium (Fig 3) (6), where it is enveloped by the pericardium (7).  |  Accurately identifying the location of the IVC injury can aid in surgical planning. Epub 2017 Aug 28.

Venous injuries are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates.

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