As for the interior of the tomb, it is decorated in tile and plaster. Following Islamic convention, Oljeitu’s tomb was placed in a garden, known in the Quran as a rawda. The Mongols conquered most of West Asia, and a branch of the dynasty known as the Ilkhanids (1256-1353) “centered its power in northwest Iran.”[3] While this conquest initially came as a devastation, the Ilkhanid period also saw major developments in the decorative arts. The Tomb of Uljaytu is the first great monument Robert Byron saw in Persia as he would recall 6 months later his first visit, on the, The ‘gigantic memorial’, in the eyes of the traveller, was used as. [14], The Soltaniyeh Dome's structure and its 6 minarets are being restored by Iran's ICHTO, Yalman, Suzan.

[5], The large domed tomb chamber of Oljeitu was meant to rival the colossal tomb built by the Seljuq sultan Sanjar at Merv. ( Log Out /  On the one hand, the external decorations: they resemble closely contemporary manuscript illumination which suggests that the Il-Kahinid used provided patterns on different scales, both in architecture and in manuscript.

Further information and images to be found on archnet.org. In fact, even if the last point can be valid, the fact that the qibla wall and the exterior wall facing Mecca are more decorated, is not strange or unique: it happens almost with every monument. By the architectural masterpiece that is the Dome of Soltaniyeh, also known as the Tomb of Oljeitu, the Ilkhanids proved to be capable as builders. Due to this, the flora and fauna surrounding the tomb were able to survive for a long time; specifically, “the gardens around the tomb complex were still being maintained in the seventeenth century.”[10], According to a later drawing of the tomb by Flandin and Coste, one can see possible evidence of a cap wall projecting from the northeast corner. The insides of the iwans’ walls possess white inscriptions that stand out against the blue background. Please use another browser for the best experience with our site. [4] An example of this new type of Mongol city was the city of Sultaniyya in northwestern Iran. List of cities, towns and villages in Zanjan Province, Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dome_of_Soltaniyeh&oldid=965919776, Buildings and structures completed in 1312, Buildings and structures in Zanjan Province, Articles with dead external links from February 2012, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 July 2020, at 06:31. [2] In Godard's view, it is a normal, if spectacularly large dome, with a thin skin on top for the faience, and is not a double dome. This structure is all that remains of Sultaniya, the much praised Mongol city founded c.1285 by the Il-Khan Arghun and dedicated as the capital by his son, Sultan Uljaytu Khudabanda, in 1313. Regardless why and how the monument was built, the Dome of Sultaniyya remains one incredible and important landmark, even more so, it is the only witness of the city as imagined by Uljaytu.

The main building, erected between 1302 and 1312 AD, may have the oldest double-shell dome in Iran,[1] a view of the construction made by Dieulafoy, but this has been disputed by André Godard. “The Art of the Ilkhanid Period (1256-1353).” In. 7-8. As Sheila Blair pointed out, the Dome of Sultaniya contains an immense quantity of epigraphical material, and many of its inscriptions are legible. Distinct features of the complex were later found on many other monuments, such as placing paired minarets above a portal. On the one hand, the external decorations: they resemble closely contemporary manuscript illumination which suggests that the Il-Kahinid used provided patterns on different scales, both in architecture and in manuscript. The first theories attributed the redecoration to the Safavids.

The Blue Mosque built by Saliha Khanum in Tabriz was inspired by this design; its portal and projecting sanctuary were very similar to Oljeitu’s complex. The main building is approximately 125 feet across and is crowned by a dome with an average diameter of 80 feet. 1103-1118. Please rotate your device for properly using Archnet.org. On that occasion, Byron praise the monument as an example of Central Asian greatness and virility [sic!]. The tomb was originally part of a bigger complex. After reconsideration, the scheme was abandoned and the building eventually became Uljaytu's own tomb, as originally intended. The Tomb of Oljeitu was one of the largest religious endowments of the 14th century,[8] and was utilized for multiple functions, such as Quran reading, praying, teaching, housing, and medical purposes. The idea behind the architecture is thus more important than the final result. Upon converting from Sunni to Shi'ism, the Sultan decided that the large mausoleum would be a shrine for Imam Ali and Imam Husayn, whom he planned to transfer from their resting places in Iraq. Afterwards, the plan of making it a shrine was reconsidered, due to the Sultan’s conversion to Sunnism (again) and the building went back to be the mausoleum of the ruler. Komaroff, Linda & Carboni, Stefano. More specifically, Oljeitu’s complex consists of four iwans connected by arcades with muqarnass…

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