Marburg virus infection is mediated by the only viral surface protein, GP, a trimeric type I transmembrane protein.

Marburg virus is a hemorrhagic fever virus first described during small epidemics in the German cities Marburg and Frankfurt and the Yugoslavian capital Belgrade in the 1960s. One reason that treatments have proved so elusive is because the virus is so hard to work with—hazmat suits, self-contained breathing gear, and electronically secured airlocks are all required for even the simplest of studies with live virus. The Marburg virus is part of the filovirus family (1). But another reason is that the virion (the viral particle) is heterogeneous in shape, and that heterogeneity has confounded standard imaging techniques (X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy [cryoEM]), which require purified, identical particles to obtain their highest resolution. RAVV was discovered in 1987, in a 15-year-old Danish boy who suffered from viral hemorrhagic fever in Kenya; the strain was named for the patient. e1001198. The viral life cycle requires nucleocapsids to bud from the host cell membrane to form the infectious particle. (browse by keywords), Matrix protein VP40 (Marburg VP40) (mVP40) (Membrane-associated protein VP40), Minor nucleoprotein VP30 (Transcription activator VP30), Envelope glycoprotein (GP1,2) (GP) (Virion spike glycoprotein) [Cleaved into: GP1; GP2], Membrane-associated protein VP24 (Marburg VP24) (mVP24), Polymerase cofactor VP35 (Marburg VP35) (mVP35), Nucleoprotein (Nucleocapsid protein) (Protein N), RNA-directed RNA polymerase L (Protein L) (Large structural protein) (Replicase) (Transcriptase), preventing the tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1. The grivets had been imported from Uganda to laboratories in all three locations and were identified as the source of infection. Marburg virus, which caused an epi-demic of hemorrhagic fever among laboratory workers in Marburg, Germany, in 1967. They were due to laboratory work using African green monkeys. No, Is the Subject Area "Ebola virus" applicable to this article? Marburgvirus, genus of viruses in family Filoviridae, known for causing severe disease in humans and other primates.One species has been described, Marburg marburgvirus (formerly Lake Victoria marburgvirus), which is represented by two viruses, Ravn virus (RAVV) and Marburg virus (MARV). Marburgviruses specifically infect cells of the immune system, including monocytes and dendritic cells, thereby suppressing immune activation and allowing for uncontrolled viral replication. Thirty-one people became ill, initially laboratory workers followed by several medical personnel and family members who had cared for them. If Marburg virus orients its RNA as RSV does, the three-prime end of its genome would also be the first to bud, as it is in VSV.
0000038137 00000 n Virions are covered with glycoprotein spikes, which project outward 5–10 nm from the particle surface. The virus was named after the city of Marburg, where most of the more than 30 cases in the 1967 epidemic were documented.

Marburgviruses appear to be confined to central and eastern Africa, where outbreaks of MVD have been traced to humans who recently visited or worked in caves. v

Yes They further confirmed their results by purifying the RNA-binding protein (nucleoprotein) alone, which could be imaged in the cryoEM.

Vp40 protein prevents interferon signaling by preventing the tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1 and subsequent phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. Marburg virus particles were imaged in 3-D in the act of budding from infected cells. MVD case fatality rates have been as high as 80 to 90 percent. 0000001991 00000 n Copyright: © 2011 Richard Robinson. 7 0 obj<> endobj The nucleocapsid has a directionality, with the “pointed” end always being first to be enveloped by host cell membrane, and the “barbed” end following. �v� L���8x.0A�220L��@ � 0000007496 00000 n RAVV was later detected in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1998–2000, when MVD sickened more than 150 people, and in Uganda in 2007, when marburgviruses were isolated from four humans and a small number of Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus). The ribonucleocapsid interacts with the matrix protein under the plasma membrane.

Marburgvirus was the first genus of Filoviridae to be described, and hence its members are prototypical filoviruses.

Selected PLOS Biology research articles are accompanied by a synopsis written for a general audience to provide non-experts with insight into the significance of the published work. These types of viruses encode their genome in the form of single stranded negative polarity RNA. Filamentous, greatly variable up to 1400 nm in length. H�tWے�6}�W�a�-�! MVD is a viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF), and the clinical symptoms are indistinguishable from Ebola virus disease (EVD). The item "Marburg" was named after the location of the first outbreak in 1967 in Marburg. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Kara Rogers is the senior editor of biomedical sciences at Encyclopædia Britannica, where she oversees a range of content from medicine and genetics to microorganisms. This acetylation process of Marburg virus GP gene is suggested to help the virus in binding to its receptor.
Marburg virus disease is a deadly, but rare, hemorrhagic fever similar to Ebola. 7 24 This protein mediates infection by binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein. Bharat TAM, Riches JD, Kolesnikova L, Welsch S, Krähling V, et al. For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click grouped by strain The average nucleocapsid contained over 3,000 copies of the nucleoprotein, arranged in a helix and each binding to six RNA bases of the viral genome (in contrast, VSV nucleoprotein binds nine RNA bases). Using cryoEM, the authors found that the host cell's filopdia, membrane extensions from which the virus buds, could contain more than one nucleocapsid. Yes Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967, when outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever occurred simultaneously in laboratories in Marburg and Frankfurt, Germany and in Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia). The viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase binds the encapsidated genome at the leader region, then sequentially transcribes each genes by recognizing start and stop signals flanking viral genes.

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