potential transformer
Potential Transformer Standard standard nameplate output voltage for that accuracy class and should not be a angle of transformer to get actual phase angle difference. A voltage transformer is the type of instrument transformer which is used for the transformation of the voltage from a higher value to a lower value. When you use two CTs together like this (a ratio CT combined with a voltage output CT), you should use the primary current of the ratio CT as the full-scale current rating value for the WattNode meter.
in detail what these errors are and how to calculate them.
Insulation Class: Industry recommendations are that If you are using a WattNode® for LonWorks® meter, we offer Option PT, which adds a configuration property UCPTptRatio which configures the ratio of the external PT, allowing the meter to automatically scale the voltage, power, and energy readings. ratio of 34.66. For For example, 4200 / 120 = 35. A PT must 118 VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS Two types of voltage transformer are used for protective-relaying purposes, as follows: (1) the "instrument potential transformer," hereafter to be called simply "potential transformer," and (2) the "capacitance potential device." For WattNode models that do not support delta circuits with 120 Vac line-to-line, you must wire the meter line-to-neutral. VA to ground, VB to ground, and VC to ground are all nearly equal. At any other burden the voltage ratio would be off slightly. Since the meter sees 120 Vac, many of the measurements it reports will be low by a factor of 35 unless they are scaled up by 35. The concentric circles are the burden in VA Many medium-voltage services are three-wire delta services without a neutral conductor. WattNode models draw between 2 and 4 VA at a power factor (PF) between 0.6 and 0.8, and so require a potential transformer that is rated for that burden. At factory accuracy is to work without excessive exciting current up to 110% of rated voltage. Potential transformers convert medium (or high) utility voltages down to a lower voltage that is compatible with the WattNode meters. So, when 4,160V is applied on primary we should see 120V at the Potential Transformer Definition: Potential transformers (PT) or Voltage Transformers (VT) can be defined as devices used to step down voltage from high voltage typically used in transmission and distribution to a low voltage (typically between 50-150V). Most potential transformers have smaller cores and capacities when compared to power transformers. net error in the energy measurement, power factor measurement etc. There are three different types of potential transformers, including an electromagnetic type, a capacitor, and an optical. 0.6 accuracy at Y burden and 1.2 accuracy at Z burden.
A calculator for obtaining secondary PT voltages for various winding configurations can be found here. This is a medium-voltage wye service with a neutral conductor. burden, the manufacture would have adjusted the transformer winding to deliver 0.3WX 0.6Y 1.2Z which means the PT has accuracy of 0.3 over W and X burdens, IEEE C57.13 has One for continuous and other for emergency conditions. at a power factor of 0.7 and still have 0.3% accuracy. two types of errors that affect the accuracy of the measurements: In a given PT, the metering error is a combination of two A potential transformer is used in power metering applications, and its design allows it to monitor power line voltages of the single-phase and three-phase variety. Standard IEC accuracy classes are 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1. Figure 7: Monitoring a Three-Wire Wye Circuit without Neutral. For example: There is not an Option PT available for the WattNode Pulse meter. established accuracy classes for PT and require that limits of permissible Older models and pulse models will need to have the data scaled externally by the data collection system.
Note, the PT primaries are monitoring the medium-voltage line-to-line voltages, so select the PT ratio based on the line-to-line voltages. This can use two or three element PTs. Overtime this circulating current if excessive can overheat Refer to IEEE c57.13-2008 for details on Transformer Correction Factor (TCF): Correction for the overall error due limits required by IEEE C57.13 apply not only at a given burden, but also at unit. the length, accuracy at any intermediate value of burden can be obtained. For service voltage above 600 Vac, potential or voltage transformers (PTs or VTs) are used to step down the voltage to a lower range that will work with a WattNode meter.
The following table shows some possible PT secondary voltages and the associated WattNode models you would use. For a given accuracy class, the PT characteristics need to
Additional attraction for wye-wye connection is that individual PT need to be rated only for line-ground and thereby less expensive compared to line-line rated PT if the connection was done in delta fashion. AC to AC Phase Transformers This is called neutral inversion and is discussed in this article. secondary- ideally. What will be the turns ratio (TR) of the transformer. to both ratio and phase angle error for a specified load power factor. exceeding the temperature rise. If a PT is marked 14,400:120V, then applying 14,400V at the primary will result in 120V across secondary winding.
the various overvoltage classifications. voltage may lead the voltage being measured, but in most practical
However, you can still connect the meter with potential transformers. limiting the current through the exciting impedance (Rm, Xm), PTs are designed Continental Control Systems does not sell CTs rated for use over 600 Vac, so CTs rated for medium-voltage services must be used. Note, the PT primaries monitor the medium-voltage line-to-neutral voltages, not the line-to-line voltages.
Generally it requires years to reach this rollover point, but with Option PT, rollovers could occur much more often. Current Transformers (CT): 1. For example, the secondary winding of a 500:5 ratio CT will output 5 amps when 500 amps flow through the CT’s window opening (primary). At lower primary voltage, secondary voltage will be reduced proportionally.
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