0000027047 00000 n The common feature for outbreaks is that, in addition to crowding and close contact, the population has some additional feature(s) that contribute(s) to susceptibility to infection, often a concurrent outbreak of a viral respiratory infection and/or physical or emotional stress.

Register for free and gain unlimited access to: - Clinical News, with personalized daily picks for you Pneumococcal diseases are a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, though rates of disease and death are higher in developing countries than in industrialized country settings, with the majority of deaths occurring in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Lees meer over cookies en hoe u cookies kunt uitschakelen. A comparison of antibody levels and opsonic effect after vaccination with PPV23 versus PCV showed remarkably few differences or modestly higher antibody levels after PCV. �5%��漣���C���Ƅ�@���,��mZ�|�&�ey�6ԑ�]0��HnM�j\L1 IԿ���9 Vaccines utilizing conserved protein antigens might bypass the problems relating to polysaccharide vaccines. Het dalen van de koorts en de ademhalingsfrequentie, hemodynamische stabiliteit, afname van het leukocytenaantal, het hebben van adequate orale intake én gastro-intestinale absorptie is te beschouwen als afdoende klinische verbetering hiertoe. For example, MICs for susceptibility, intermediate resistance, and resistance to amoxicillin are defined simply as less than or equal to 2μg/mL, 4μg/mL, and greater than or equal to 8μg/mL, respectively, reflecting the concept that no physician would use oral therapy to treat a CNS infection. What is bacterial pneumonia? To treat outpatients for pneumonia, the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommends, in no particular order, a macrolide, doxycycline, amoxicillin (with or without clavulanic acid), or a quinolone. In children, staphylococcal pneumonia may follow measles or whooping cough.

Injection of pneumolysin into rat lung causes all the histologic findings of pneumonia, and immunization of mice with this substance before pneumococcal infection or challenge with genetically engineered pneumococci that do not produce it is associated with a significant reduction in virulence. 0000020830 00000 n How do patients contract this infection, and how do I prevent spread to other patients? "[1], https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pneumokok&oldid=55692867, Wikipedia:Lokale afbeelding anders dan op Wikidata, Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen. Currently available PCVs are safe and efficacious. Indien de therapie is gestart met doxycycline en er geen verbetering optreedt binnen 48 uur, is de overstap naar een macrolide niet rationeel. If other causes of fever cannot be identified, then anti-TB therapy should be considered. Multiple myeloma is often first recognized when an affected person develops pneumococcal pneumonia. 5.2.8). As noted above, S. pneumoniae can be implicated in a wide variety of infectious states. als fluorchinolon heeft moxifloxacine de voorkeur boven levofloxacine in verband met betere effectiviteit bij pneumokokken, gunstige farmacodynamische eigenschappen en goede weefselpenetratie; Aangezien de specificiteit van de pneumokokken-antigeentest niet 100% is, kan pas versmald worden naar amoxicilline of benzylpenicilline bij een positief testresultaat als er géén andere verwekkers gedetecteerd zijn én zodra de patiënt verbeterd is (meestal binnen 48 uur), óf wanneer er pneumokokken worden aangetroffen in het afgenomen kweekmateriaal. A wintertime increase in pneumococcal pneumonia adults has long been noted, perhaps associated with viral infections. The optimal duration of therapy for pneumococcal pneumonia is uncertain. (As a general matter, drainage is indicated if pleural fluid is present at the time of diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia.) Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia is a serious but relatively uncommon disease with a high case fatality rate. Bacteria are certainly less well cleared from the airways because of viral-induced damage. Ook mensen zonder een goed functionerende milt vormen een risicogroep, omdat bij een aantal van hen een pneumokokkeninfectie snel en zeer ernstig kan verlopen. Copyright © 2020 Haymarket Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved W. Abdullah Brooks, in Hunter's Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases (Tenth Edition), 2020. As you may have guessed by the name of this bacterial species, this one’s the chief culprit responsible for the maximum cases of bacterial pneumonia. 30% are resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. 0000039017 00000 n

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